¶ñªÅµü~verbal filler


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­^»y¤¤ªº¶ñªÅµü¬O¥u¦bÁ¿¸Ü®É¥X©ó¬YºØ»Ý­n¡AÄ´¦p»¡¦]«ä¸ô¨S¦³²Õ´¦n¡A©Î¥u»Ý­n¶i¤@¨B»¡©ú­è¤~»¡¹L¤F¸Üµ¥¡A¦Ó¨Ï¥Îªº¤@¨Çµü»y©Îµo¥Xªº¬Y¨ÇÁn­µ¡A½Ñ¦p¡¦anyway¡¦, ¡¦I mean¡¦, ¡¦you see¡¦, ¡¥er¡¦, ¡¥mm¡¦, ¡¦um¡¦µ¥µü¡C¥Ñ©ó³o¨Çµü»y©Îµo¥XªºÁn­µ¨S¦³¤@­Ó¯S©wªºµü¸q¡A¦]¦¹¤£¤Ö»y¨¥¾Ç®a¥L­ÌºÙ¤§¬°¡¨µL·N¸qªº¶ñªÅµü¡]empty filler¡^¡¨¡A¦ý¬O¥L­Ì¦b¬Y¨Ç³õ¦X¬O§_¤@·§³£ÄÝ¡¨µL·N¸q¡¨¡A¦Ó§Ú­Ì²{¦b´N³o¤@°ÝÃD°µ¤@±´°Q¡C

§Ú­Ì¦b«e­±¤w¸g¤ÀªR¤F¦ÛµM»y¨¥ªº¯SÂI¡A±q¹ê½î¤¤Æ[¹î¡A­^»y¤¤ªº¶ñªÅµü¦b³oÃþ¦ÛµM»y¨¥¤¤¨Ï¥Î¤Î¨ä´¶¹M¡A´X¥G¦b¤T¨¥¨â»y¤¤¤]¤Ö¤£¤F³o¨Ç¶ñªÅµü¡A¥L­Ì¤£¶È¯à°_¨ì¬ï°w¤Þ½uªº§@¥Î¡A¦Ó¥B¥Î¦b¤£¦P³õ¦X¡A§t¦³¤£¦Pªº·N¸q¡C­È±o¤@´£ªº¬O¡A§Ú­Ì¦b­^»yÅ¥»¡±Ð¾Ç¤¤Á`¬O¥H³W½dªº¤f»yÅ鬰·Ç÷¡C¤@ª©»¡¡A³oÃþ¹ï¸Üµ²ºc¤ñ¸ûÄY±K¡A«Ü¤Ö¦³»y¨¥ªº¿ù»~¡F¦]¦¹§Ú­Ì¾Ç¥Í¥Ñ©ó¤£²ßºD©ó«D¥¿¦¡³õ¦X¨Ï¥Îªº¦ÛµM»y¨¥¡A©¹»R·|³y¦¨¤£¤Ö²z¸Ñ¤Wªº¿ù»~¡C¨s¨ä­ì¦]¡A¤j¥b¬O¹ï³o¨Ç¶ñªÅµü»{ÃѤ£±Ú¡A²z¸Ñ¤£°÷¡A³o¬O§Ú­Ì¦b±Ð¾Ç¤W¤£¥i©¿µøªº¤@­Ó°ÝÃD¡C

¡]1¡^    ¶ñªÅµüªº§@¥Î¡]function of verbal fillers¡^

¨º»ò¡A¦b¦ÛµM»y¨¥¤¤¶ñªÅµü¨s³º¯à°_¤°»ò§@¥Î©O¡H¹ï¤@©w¶qªº¦ÛµM»y¨¥¿ý­µ¶i¦æ¤ÀªR«á¡A§Ú­Ì»{¬°³o¨Ç¶ñªÅµü¦³¥H¤U´X¤è­±§@¥Î¡G

i.                     ªí¥Ü»¡¸Ü¤H§Y±N´N¬Y­Ó°ÝÃD°µ¥X¦^µª¡]serving as a signal that a reply is forthcoming¡^¡Ð¡Ð¦³¨Ç»¡¸Ü¤H¦A¨³³t¦^µª¬Y­Ó°ÝÃD®É¡A©¹©¹¥ý¥Î¤@­Ó¶ñªÅµü¡A¦p¡¨well¡¨, ¡¨er¡¨µ¥¡AµM«á¤~Á¿¥X¦^µªªº¤º®e£»¨Ò¦p¡G

mm,¡Ï I¡¦m not sure.

erm¡Ï yes, ¡Ï this is so.

well¡Ï it¡¦s a hopeful sign.

¤W¨Ò¤¤ªº²Å¸¹¡¦¡Ï¡¦ªí¥Ü³q±`¨C­Ó¶ñªÅµü«á­n¦³¤@­Ó°±¹y¡AµM«á¦b°µ¥¿¦¡¦^µª¡C

ii.                   ªí¥Ü»¡¸Ü¤H¸Õ±´©Êªº·N¨£¡]expressing a personal tentative opinion¡^¡Ð¡Ð¦³®É»¡¸Ü¤H¨Ã¤£ª½±µ¦^µª¤@­Ó°ÝÃD¡A¦Ó¥ý¥Î¤@­Óµu»y¡]¦p I think¡^¨Ó¶}©l¥LªºÁ¿¸Ü¡Aªí¥Ü¤@­Ó¸Õ±´©Êªº·N¨£¡C¦p¡G

I think there is a growing tendency amongst¡Ïperhaps¡Ïyour people anyway.

ÅãµM¡A¦p¨Ï¥Î³oÃþ¶ñªÅµü¥i¨Ï½Í¦R¤£¹L¤Àª½²v©Î¥Íµw¡A¦³®É¥i½w©M½Í¸Üªº®ðª^¡C

iii.                  ªí¥Ü¤@ºØ¦@¦Pªº³]·Q¡]indicating a common assumption¡^¡Ð¡Ð¦³®É¬Y¨Ç¶ñªÅµü¡A¦p¡¦no doubt¡¦, ¡¦of course¡¦µ¥¡Aªí¥Ü¤@ºØ¤j®a¤@¦Ü¤½»{ªº·N¨£¡C¨Ò¦p¡G

That sort of thing¡Ïof course¡Ï has its effect all the way through.

­È±o¤@´£ªº¬O¡A³oºØ¶ñªÅªº¥Îªk©~µM¸g±`¥X²{¦b¦è¤è°ê®aªº¹qµø¼s§i¤¤¡A¥u¦b¨Ï¹qµøÆ[²³ÀY¸£¤¤³y¦¨¤@ºØ¦L¶H¡A¤Î©Ò«Å¶Çªº²£«~¬O¥²¶·ªº¡BÀu½èªº¡Aµ¥µ¥¡A¨Ò¦p¦b¥À¿Ë¸`«e¤i¡Aµ§ªÌ¦b°ê¥~¹qµø¼s§i¤¤Å¥¨ì¤U¦C¹ï¸Ü¡G

¡Ðwhat present did you buy for your mum?

¡ÐOf course, Sunbean drier.¡]¤@ºØ¹q§j­·¾¹¡^

¼Æ¤ë«á¦b¤÷¿Ë¸`«e¤i¡A¦P¼Ëªº¹ï¸Ü¤S¥X²{¦b¹qµø¼s§i¤¤¡A¥u¬O´«¤F­Ó°Ó«~¦WºÙ¦Ó¤w¡C¸Õ¬Ý

¡ÐWhat present did you buy for your dad?

¡ÐOf course, Cover portable typewriter.(¤@ºØ¤é¥»²£ªº¤â´£¥´¦r¾÷)

iv.                 ªí¥Ü¾¨ºÞ»¡¸Ü¤H¦bªí¹F¤W¦³¨Ç°ÝÃD¡A¦ý¥L¤´­nÁ¿¤U¥h(indicating  that a speaker, though in trouble, is still holding the floor)¡Ð¡Ð¦³®É­Ô»¡¸Ü¤H¥Î¶ñªÅµü¨Ó¦V¥LªºÅ¥²³¶Ç¹F¤@«h«H®§¡AÁöµM¹J¨ì¤F¤@¨Çªí¹F¤Wªº°ÝÃD¡A¦ý¥L¤£·Q°±¤îÁ¿¸Ü¡A¦¹®É¥L¥t´«¤@ºØªí¹F¤è¦¡¡G

Of course¡Ïwhat I¡¦m going to say¡Ïlet¡¦s look at it this way.

¡]2¡^    ¶ñªÅµüÁ|¨Ò (Example of verbal filters)

¡]3¡^    ¤W­±©Ò½Íªº´X­Ó¤è­±½T¹ê¦b¦ÛµM¨¥»y·í¤¤°_¨ì¿n·¥»²§U§@¥Î¡C¤U­±¥ç´N¬Y¨Ç¶ñªÅµüªº¥D­n¥yªk¡B»y­µ©M§t¸q§@¤@²Ê²¤¤¶²Ð¡C

1)      Well ³o­Óµü¤@¯ë¥X²{¦b¤@­Ó¸Ü»y (discourse)¤ºªº¶}©l®É¡A¦³®É¤]¥i¯à¥X²{¦b¤¤¶¡¡C¨Ï¥Î³o¤@¶ñªÅµü®É°È»Ýª`·N­µ½Õ¤Î­µ½ÕÅܤơC (pitch and contour)

i.            ¥Î¦b½Í¸Ü¶}©l®É¡A¨Ò¦p¡G

Well, I wouldn¡¦t quite say that

·í»¡¸Ü¤H¥Î½wºC¡B©ìªøªº¤É½Õ©Î­°½Õ»¡¥X¦¹¥yªºwell®É¡A¥L·t¥Ü¤@ºØ ¡§«O¯d¡¨ (reservation) ©Î ¡§ºÃ°Ý¡¨ (doubt) ªººA«×¡A³o®Éwell¥i²z¸Ñ¬° ¡¥I¡¦m sorry I have to say this, but¡K¡¦¡F¥Î¥­Án½Õ (level tone) »¡¥Xwell®É¡A«hªí¥Ü ¡§Àu¬X¹èÂ_¡¨ ©Î¬G·N¥Î³oºØ»y½Õ¨ÓÅã¥Ü¤@ºØ±yµMªº«ººA¡A¨Ï½Í¸Ü¯à¦b»´§Öªº®ðª^¤¤¶i¦æ¤U¥h¡C

ii.           ¥Î¦b¤¤¶¡®É¡A¨Ò¦p¡G

As he came in, he, well, stumbled¡K

·í»¡¸Ü¤H¥Î¸û§Öªº¤f®ð (in a rapid clipped manner)»¡¥Xwell®É¡A·t¥Ü¥L·QÄ~Äò³¯­z¤U¥h¡C

iii.         ¦b»P¨ä¥L¶ñªÅµü³s¥Î®É¡G

well ¥Î¦b½Í¸Ü¶}©l®É¡A«á­±¥i¸ò¨ä¥Lªº¶ñªÅµü¡C¨Ò¦p¡G

Well, you know, I don¡¦t mean that.

Well¥Î¦b¤¤¶¡®É¡A¥i¥Î¥t¥~¤@¶ñªÅµü¸m©ó¥¦ªº«e­±¡A³o®É¦b³o¨â­Ó¶ñªÅµü¤§¶¡¤@¯ë­n¦³¤@­Óµu¼Èªº°±¹y (a brief pause)¡C¨Ò¦p¡G

Yes, well, I don¡¦t mean that.

I mean, well, not this one.

·íwell»P¨ä¥L¶ñªÅµü¹B¥Î®É¡A¤£½×¦b½Í¸Ü¶}©l©Î¤¤¶¡³£ªí¥Ü ¡§ÅCÃÜ¡¨ ¡A¤@¯ë³£¥H¸û§Öªº¤f®ð»¡¥Xwell¡C

iv.         ¦³®Éwell¥i¥Hªí¥Ü¶¡±µªº°T®§ (indirect information)¡C¦b°Q½×¦p

¦ó¦^µª ¡§Did you break my princeless Ming vase?¡¨ ¦b³o¤@°ÝÃD®É¡A®Ú¾Ú¬ü°ê»y¨¥¾Ç®aµÜ¬ì¤Ò(Lakoff) ªº½×­z¡A¥i¦³¨âºØ¦^µª¤èªk¡G

a.       ²§±`¤¾ªøªº¦^µª¡A¨Ò¦p¡G

I want first of all to state that the answer I am about to give is not complete in ways, but¡K

b.      ²¼äªº¦^µª¡A¨Ò¦p¡G

Well. yes.

³oùØwell ªº·N«ä¬Ûµ¥©ó I did, but there are extenuating circumstances.

2)      I mean. ³o¤@¶ñªÅµü¥D­n¥Î¨Ó·t¥Ü»¡¸Ü¤H·Q¼á²M¥L¥ý«eªº³¯­z¡C¦p¡G

i.        µo²{¦b»y­µ¡B»yªk©Îµü·J¿ï¾Ü¤W¥X¤F®t¿ù¡C¨Ò¦p¡G

I saw three big + I mean + dogs having a fight there.

ii.       ¶}¤f¥X¤F®t¿ù (a false start), ¦]¦¹»Ý­n¥©§®¦a¥[¥HªÈ¥¿¡C¨Ò¦p¡G

Mary is in trouble ---- I mean, she is having difficulties.

¬ü°ê»y¨¥¾Ç®a Dubois §â ¡¥I mean¡¦ ºÙ¬° ¡§ªÈ¿ùªº¼Ð°O¡¨ (a correction marker)

iii.     ·Q¸É¥R¤@¨ÇÃö©ó¸ÜÃDªº·sªº±¡ªp©Î§ïÅܦۤvªº¬Ýªk¡C¨Ò¦p¡G

I mean you can¡¦t believe a thing he says; he is a dreadful liar.

¦Ü©ó¶ñªÅµü ¡¥I mean¡¦ ªº¦ì¸m¡A¥¦¥i¸m©ó¸Ü»yªº¶}©l¡A¤¤¶¡©Î¥y§À¡C

¥Î©ó¸Ü»y¶}©l®É¡A ¡¥I mean¡¦ ¤@¯ë¥Î­°½Õ¡C¨Ò¦p¡GI mean you can¡¦t trust him. ¦³®É¤]¥i¥Î¥­Án½Õ¡A«á±µ¤@­Óµu¼Èªº°±¹y¡A¨Ò¦p¡G I mean, what¡¦s the best way of doing it. ³o®É ¡¥I mean¡¦ ³q±`ªí¥Ü»¡¸Ü¤H·Q¸É¥R¬Y¨Ç·sªº¤º®eµ¥¡C

¥Î¦b¤¤¶¡©Î¥½§À®É¡A¤]¥i¯à¥Î­°½Õ¡C¨Ò¦p¡GYou can¡¦t do things like that, I mean, ³o®É ¡¥I mean¡¦ ªí¥Ü¤£º¡ (discontent)¡B´o«ã (irritation) ©Î²§Ä³ (disapproval)¡C

3)      You see. ³o­Ó¶ñªÅµü¥i¥X²{¦b¸Ü»y¶}©l®É¡A¤¤¶¡©Î¥½§À¡C

i.            ¥Î¦b¸Ü»y¶}©l®É¡A¦p¡GYou see, there¡¦s another side to all this.

·í»¡¸Ü¤H¥Î¸û°ªªº­µ½Õ»¡¥X ¡¥you see¡¦®É¡A«hªí¥Ü ¡¥I want you to use your reasoning powers on what I¡¦m about to say¡K¡¦ ©Î ¡¥I¡¦m about to help you to clarify your mind on this problem.¡¦

ii.           ¥Î¦b¤¤¶¡®É¡A¨Ò¦p¡G¡¦I am very pleased, you see, that John decided to

come.

³o®Éªº ¡¥you see¡¦ ¥Î³q±`ªº­µ½Õ (normal pitch range), ¨ä§t·N¥i²z¸Ñ¬° ¡¥IF you¡¦ve understood what I¡¦ve been saying¡¦ ©Î ¡¥May I ask for permission to continue the line of argument?¡¦ §Y­±¹ï«e­±ªº³¯­z§@¤@­Ó¤pµ²¡A©Î­n¨D¯àÄ~Äò´Nª§½×ªº°ÝÃDµoªí·N¨£¡C

       (4) You know, ³o¤@¶ñªÅµü¥i¥X²{¦b¸Ü»yªº¶}©l¡A¤¤¶¡©Î¥½§À¡C

i.                     ¥Î¦b¸Ü»y¶}©l®É¡A¨Ò¦p¡G You know I think we ought to go out this evening.

³o®Éªº¶ñªÅµü ¡¥you know¡¦ ¤@¯ë¨Ï¥Î¸û°ª¡B§Öªº­µ½Õ¡A¥¦§t¦³¨âºØ·N¸q¡Ga. ªí¥Ü½Í¸Ü¤H¥¿¦b«ä¦Ò,­n¨D¹ï¤èµy§@µ¥«Ý¡A§Y¡G¡¦Wait a moment, I am thinking , and you¡¦ll probably find what I have to say is interesting.¡¦  B.¦³®É¶È¥Î¨Ó¤Þ°_¹ï¤èª`·N©Î½w©MÁ¿¸Üªº»y®ð¡C

ii.                   ¥Î¦b¤¤¶¡®É¡A¨Ò¦p¡GIt was clear, you know, that he wasn¡¦t going to do it.

³oùØ ¡¥you know¡¦, ©¹©¹¨Ï¥Î³q±`ªº­µ½Õ (normal pitch range)¡Aªí¥Ü¡AÁ¿¸Ü¤H·P¨ì¥L¥ý«e³¯­zªº¬Y­Ó³¡¥÷¤£¤Ó²M·¡¡A¦]¦Ó·Q§@¨ÇÅÜ°Ê¡C¦p¡GI am going to shop now, you know, the one in the corner.

iii.                  ¥Î¦b¥½§À®É¡A¨Ò¦p¡GHe didn¡¦t want that, you know.­È±oª`·Nªº¬O³o­Ó

¦ì¸mªº ¡¥you know¡¦ ¥Ñ©ó¨Ï¥Î¤£¦Pªº»y½Õ¡A·|§t¦³¤£¦Pªº·N«ä¡G¥Î³q

±`­µ½Õ (normal pitch range) ®É, ªí¥Ü»¡¸Ü¤H·Q¶i¤@¨B¼á²M³¯­zªº¤º

®e¡A¦pCynthia is sick, you know.

           ¨Ï¥Î°ª¤É½Õ (High pitch range) ®É¡A·t¥Ü»¡¸Ü¤H­n¹ï¤è¦P·N¥L¤w³¯­z

ªº¤º®e¡A©Î»¡¸Ü¤H³]·Q¹ï¤è¤w»â·|¥LÁ¿¸Üªº´J·N¡C(Implication)¨Ò

¦p¡GSo then we all went to the office by the main gate, you know.

ªí¥Ü¬YºØ¤£¨¥¦Ó³ëªº±¡ªp(presuppose a shared background of

experience), ¨Ò¦p¡GI¡¦ve just been to see Mrs. Jones and you know.

·í ¡¥you know¡¦ ³æ¿W¨Ï¥Î®É­n¥Î¤É½Õ¡A ¡¥you¡¦ ­n­«Åª¡A¥¦·t¥Ü ¡§¤ß

·Ó¤£«Å¡¨¤§·N¡A§Y»¡¸ÜÂù¤è³£ª¾¹D¤@¨ÇÃö©óã´µ¤Ò¤Hªº½ì»D¡A¬Æ¦Ü

¦³Ãö¦oªº ¡§¬y¨¥ãò»y¡¨¡C·íµM¡A¶ñªÅµü ¡¥you know¡¦ ªº³oºØ¥Îªk¡A¶È

­­©ó«D¥¿¦¡³õ¦X¡C

    ºî¤W©Ò­z¡A¥i¥H¬Ý¥X¶ñªÅµü¨Ã«D¬Y¨Ç»y¨¥¾Ç®a©Ò»¡ ¡§µL·N¸q¡¨¡A¦Ó¬O¦b¬Y¨Ç¤£¦P³õ¦X¨ã¦³¤£¦P§t·N¡A¯S§O¬O¦b«O«ù¸Ü»yªº³s³e©Ê¡B½w©M»¡¸Ü¤Hªº»y®ð¡B»¡¸Ü¤H¹ïÅ¥ªÌªººA«×¡B¹ï«D¥¿¦¡¹ï¸Ü±¡´ºªº¦ô­pµ¥¤è­±ªº¨Ï¥Î¡A§ó¯à¥R¤À°_¨ì»y¨¥¤Wªº¸`«µ©Ê©Mªí¹F©Êªº§@¥Î¡C·í§Ú­Ì±q¨Æ­^»y±Ð¾Ç©M¬ã¨s®É¡A¦³¥²­n¹ï¶ñªÅµü¤©¥H¨¬°÷­«µø¡C

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