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Chapter 3 Vowel Contrasts |
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Sets of Vowels in a Language 語言中的母音組 In
English, each of the vowel letters represents two sounds, one when it’s
by itself, and another when it’s accompanied by a silent ‘e’. In the
book, a vowel is any sound occurring in the middle of a syllable, provided
that it is produced without any kind of obstruction of the outgoing
breath. Sounds that have some obstruction to the breath stream, such as
the bringing of the lips together, are consonants. Every
language has a number of vowels that contrast with one another so that
they make different words. 英文的每一個字母都代表兩種發音，一為該字母本身的發音，一為該字母與”e”一同出現時的發音。發音時往外的氣流不會受到任何阻礙的就是母音；會受到部分呼吸氣流阻擋，比方說需要雙唇緊閉的發音，是子音。 每一種語言都會有一些對比的母音用來做字義的區分。 English Vowels 英語母音 l
BBC English The form of English used
by national newscasters in Britain. There are 20 distinct vowels in BBC
English. l
General American English The form of English used
in the USA and Canada. There are 14 or 15 different vowels in General
American English. 一般會將英語發音分為兩大類:
英式發音、美式發音。 l
英式英語通常使用於英國，特別指於英國境內的國家電視頻道所使用的發音。英式英語有二十個不同的母音。 l
美式英語通常指使用於美國及加拿大境內的英語。美式英語約莫有十四到十五個不同的母音。 Key points 重要觀念 l
Diphthongs are sounds that have a change
in vowel quality during the course of the syllable. l
In British English, it was fashionable to
change the consonant r into a vowel, when it occurred at the end of a word or before
another consonant. As a
result BBC English has some new vowels where General American English
still has a vowel followed by r
or an r-colored vowel. l
雙母音是指在音節中，母音的特性有了改變。 l
在英式英文中，當子音r出現於字尾或出現在另一個子音之前，則r習慣轉換成另一個母音。因此，比起美式英語來說，英式英語會多出幾個母音。
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