簡介

Robin Ian MacDonald Dunbar is Professor of Psychology at the University of Liverpool.

主要研究範圍

靈長類及蹄哺乳類之行為生態學

主要的焦點著重於了解動物如何決定他們自己的群居生活以及後代繁衍。在這之中的相關研究包括了在田野調查和實驗室兩方面，同時也結合了以模組型態為基礎的理論。在模組型態方面包括了以下幾種形式：狒狒以及黑猩猩的群居生態發展系統型態、源至於氣體動力學公式的模擬交配型態、以及EES型態。對於靈長類及蹄哺乳類動物的田野調查研究，在歐洲、非洲、東南亞、以及南美等地在探討、領土權、氣味標記、時間編算以及糧秣搜尋的策略上。

人類行為生態

藉由進化論的理論，人類行為得以多方面地加以探索。一項擇偶的研究中以「寂寞芳心」來作為宣傳方式。以德國西北部為主，有一項研究教會興起與沒落的分析。而此分析也被採用來探究在工業時期來臨之前的小耕農時代，父母親是如何來作投資決策的。其他的研究著重於小族群之間的警覺性。例如，親屬對於謀殺事件所造成的影響、或者是在北歐海盜事蹟中，那些報復行為或者聯婚事件。

認知機制與達爾文的心理學

探討動物的群居以及繁衍決策認知機制導致了之後的研究，如黑猩猩和猴子腦容量與族群大小的關係以及精神理論的種種檢試(了解他人的精神狀態)。這些理論也都導致以下的研究探討，如群居網絡的動力研究以及非靈長類動物之間的諧和性。將以上的研究延展至人類，並探討人類群居網絡組成以及大小、語言的起源和功能、一般成人以及精神患者的精神理論、以及親屬關係影響利益關係。

相關學術著作

書籍

Barrett, Dunbar & Lycett (2001). Human Evolutionary Psychology. London: Palgrave.

Dunbar & Barrett. (2000). Cousins. BBC Worldwide: London.

Cowlishaw & Dunbar. (2000) Primate Conservation Biology. University of Chicago Press.

Dunbar, Knight, & Power (eds). (1999). The Evolution of Culture. Edinburgh University Press.

Runciman, Maynard Smith, & Dunbar (eds). (1997). Evolution of Culture and Language in Primates and Humans. British Academy Press.

Dunbar (1996). Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution of Language. Faber Faber and Harvard University Press.

Dunbar (1995). The Trouble With Science. Faber Faber and Harvard University Press.

Dunbar (ed) (1995). Human Reproductive Decisions. Macmillan.

Dunbar (1988). Primate Social Systems. Chapman Hall.

Dunbar (1984). Reproductive Decisions: An Economic Analysis of Gelada Baboon Social Strategies. Princeton University Press.

期刊論文

Pawlowski, Dunbar & Lipowicz (2000). Evolutionary fitness - tall men have more reproductive success. Nature, 403(6766): 156.

Lycett, Dunbar & Voland (2000). Longevity and the costs of reproduction in a historical human population. Proceedings of the Royal Society, B., 267: 31-35.

Lycett & Dunbar (2000). Mobile phones as lekking devices among human males. Human Nature, 11(1): 93-104.

Hill, Lycett & Dunbar (2000). Ecological and social determinants of birth intervals in baboons. Behavioural Ecology, 11(5): 560-564.

Lycett & Dunbar (1999). Abortion rates reflect optimisation of parental investment strategies. Proceedings of the Royal Society, B., 266: 2355-2358.

Pawlowski & Dunbar (1999). Withholding age as putative deception in mate search tactics. Evolution and Human Behavior, 20(1): 53-69.

Pawlowski & Dunbar (1999). Impact of market value on human mate choice decisions. Proceedings of the Royal Society, B, 266 (1416): 281-285.

Dunbar. (1998) The social brain hypothesis. Evolutionary Anthropology, 6: 178-190.

Dunbar, R. (1998) Global warming and the conservation of the gelada (Theropithecus gelada). Global Change Biol., 4: 293-304.

Dunbar, R. & Bever, J. (1998) Neocortex size determines group size in insectivores and carnivores. Ethology, 104(8): 695-708.

Hill & Dunbar. (1998). An evaluation of the roles of predation rate and predation risk as selective pressures on primate grouping behaviour. Behaviour, 135(4): 411-430.

Joffee & Dunbar (1998). Tarsier brain component composition and its implications for systematics. Primates, 39(2): 211-216.

Kinderman, Dunbar & Bentall (1998) Theory of mind and attributional style. Brit. J. Psychol.(in press).

Pawlowski, Lowen, & Dunbar, (1998) Neocortex size, social skills and mating success in primates. Behaviour, 135: 357-368 .

Strassmann & Dunbar. (1998) Human evolution and disease: putting the Stone Age in perspective. In: S.C.Stearns (ed) Darwinism and Health. Oxford University Press (in press).

Barton & Dunbar. (1997) Evolution of the social brain. In: Byrne Whiten (eds) Machiavellian Intelligence II, pp. 240-263. Cambridge University Press.

Bereczkei & Dunbar. (1997). Female-biased reproductive strategies in a Hungarian Gypsy population. Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond., B, 264: 17-22.

Joffe & Dunbar. (1997). Visual and socio-cognitive information processing in primate brain evolution. Proc. Roy. Soc., Lond., B, 264: 1303-1307.

Nettle & Dunbar. (1997). Social markers and the evolution of reciprocal exchange. Current Anthropology, 38: 93-99.

Voland, Dunbar, Engel, & Stephan. (1997). Population increase and sex-biased parental investment in humans: evidence from 18th and 19th century Germany. Current Anthropology, 38: 129-135.

相關連結

Evolutionary Psychology and Behavioural Ecology Research Group

Robin Dunbar in University of Liverpool

Robin Dunbar at School of Biological Sciences in University of Liverpool

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